Nzvimbo, Kuzivikanwa, uye Kubatwa Kwenzvimbo Dzakanyanya Kuderera muOptical Cables

Mukugadzira mitsetse yetambo dze optical, kushanda kwekudzikisa tambo chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora nzvimbo uye nzira dzekubata nadzo nzvimbo dzekudzikisa tambo dze optical zvichienderana nemamiriro emutsetse chaiwo.

1. Nzvimbo Dzakajairika dzeMapoinzi Akanyanya Kuderera

Mushure mekupedza kusanganisa tambo dze optical, chikamu chose che repeater chinowanzo edzwa uchishandisa OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer). Kuedza uku kunoongorora kana mashandiro e optical echikamu chetambo chapedzwa achizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekuvaka uye mwero wekugamuchirwa. Kuongororwa kunonyanya kusanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Kana kuderedzwa kwese kwechikamu chekudzokorora kwakaderera pane zvakatsanangurwa pakugadzira (kureva kuti, kana avhareji yekudzikiswa kwekudzikiswa kwesimba iri mukati memuganhu unodiwa);
• Kana avhareji yekurasikirwa kwezvikamu zviviri zvemajoini ichisangana nezvinodiwa zvekugamuchirwa uye zvinodiwa zvekugadzira;
• Kunyangwe curve yekumashure yechikamu chekudzokorora ine mutserendende wakafanana uye yakatsetseka. Kunze kwematanho madiki anokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwakajairika kwe splice, hapafanirwe kuve nematanho akakosha ekudzikamisa pa curve.

Paunenge uchishandisa OTDR kuyedza chikamu che optical repeater uye kutsvaga nzvimbo dzekudzikisa simba, zvakakosha kugadzirisa nemazvo ma parameter ekuyedza, akadai se range, wavelength, pulse width, refractive index, uye averaging time:

• Range rekuyedza: Sarudza zvichienderana nehurefu hwechikamu chekudzokorora kuitira kuti curve itore zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvechidzitiro chekuratidzira;
• Kureba kwewave: Zvinosarudzwa nehurongwa, kazhinji 1310 nm uye 1550 nm patambo dzekutakura tambo dziri kure;
• Indekisi yeRefractive: Yakaiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemugadziri wefaibha;
• Upamhi hwepulse: Paramita yakakosha. Kana iri diki zvakanyanya, dynamic range haina kukwana, zvichikonzera masaini ane ruzha pamagumo etrace; kana yakakura zvakanyanya, test range inowedzera asi kururama kunoderera. Upamhi hwakakodzera hwepulse hunofanira kusarudzwa zvichibva pakureba kwetambo kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwekuyedzwa;
• Avhareji yenguva: Yakagadziridzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti denderedzwa rakatsetseka pasina ruzha runoonekwa pamuswe.

Kuti uwane zvikanganiso nemazvo, software yekuongorora yeOTDR inogona kushandiswa kuongorora ma test curves. Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoiswa muzvikamu zviviri: zvikanganiso zve splice point uye zvikanganiso zve cable body.

2. Kubata Nzvimbo Dzinodzikira Zvikuru

Kutanga, tarisa kana nzvimbo yekudzikamisa zvakanyanya iri panzvimbo ye splice. Pama splice points, fibers dzese dzinowanzo ratidza matanho ekudzikamisa akasiyana-siyana. Nekuongorora ma fiber traces akawanda panguva imwe chete, unogona kuona matanho ari panzvimbo imwe chete pama curves ese. Yera uye verenga kurasikirwa kwe splice kumativi maviri panguva iyi, nyora chero kukosha kunopfuura mwero, uye ronga kuvhurazve splice closure kuti igadziriswe.

Kana nzvimbo yekudzikamisa tambo isiri panzvimbo ye splice, kuongororwa kwema curves akawanda panguva imwe chete kucharatidza kuti mamwe ma fiber ane matanho ekudzikamisa tambo nepo mamwe asina. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti pane dambudziko riri mukati metambo pachayo kwete pa splice.

Kuisa Mhosva Munzvimbo

• Zvikanganiso zvepedyo: Inogona kuwanikwa kubva pachiteshi chemagetsi uchishandisa OTDR kuyera daro kubva panzvimbo iri pedyo ye splice;
• Zvikanganiso zvekupedzisira: Zvakaoma kuwana nekuda kwekusanyatsorongeka kwenguva refu. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kuyedza kunogona kuitwa kubva pakavharirwa splice iri pedyo. Sanganisa kuyerwa kweOTDR nemagwaro ekuvaka uye kuyerwa kwemunda kuti ufungidzire nzvimbo yekukanganisa, kazhinji mukati memamita angangoita gumi, zvichideredza huwandu hwekuchera uye mutengo.

Nzira dzekubata nadzo

• Zvikanganiso zveSplice: Vhura kuvhara kwe splice wobva waisazve fibers uku uchitarisa neOTDR kusvika kurasikirwa kwe splice kwagamuchirwa.
  Kana kudzokororwa kwekubatanidza kusingaenderane nezvinodiwa, tarisa:

  • Kushanduka kwechubhu yefiber zvichikonzera kudzvanywa;
  • Radius yakanyanya kukotama panguva yekukombama kwefiber;
  • Kushushikana kwefiber.

  Kana matambudziko akaramba aripo, tarisa zvikamu zvetambo usati waisa tambo uye mushure mekuisa tambo. Migumo yetambo yakakuvara ingangoda kuchekwa uye machira ese akapatsanurwazve.

• Matanho ekudzivirira: Usati wabatanidza, nyatsoongorora hurefu hwetambo dzakachengetwa. Kana zvichifungirwa, deredza hurefu hwetambo hwakawedzerwa kuti udzivise zvikanganiso zvakavanzika.

• Zvikanganiso zvemuviri wetambo: Kazhinji inokonzerwa ne:

  • Kukombama kwakapinza kana kukwenya;
  • Kukuvadzwa kwemuchina (semuenzaniso, kumanikidzwa kubva kumatombo kuchikonzera kushanduka kwechinhu);
  • Masimba ekunze anotungamira mukuchinjwa kwechubhu yefiber uye fiber.

  Kurapa kunosanganisira kucheka chikamu chakakuvara uye kusanganisazve. Kazhinji, izvi zvinobvisa dambudziko rekudzikira kweganda.

Kana paine kukuvara kwakanyanya, isa chivharo che splice, bvisa sheath yekunze, wobva wagadzirisa kana kutsiva machubhu akakanganisika. Kana zvichidikanwa, batanidzazve machubhu akakanganiswa.

Zvinodiwa paKuyedza

Vashandi vekuyedza vanofanira kushanda pamwe chete nevashandi vekubatanidza minda kuti vaite bvunzo pamatanho akasiyana-siyana:

1. Mushure mekunge kusanganisa kwapera;
2. Mushure mekurongeka kwefiber uye kumonereka;
3. Mushure mekusunga nekusunga chivharo che splice.

Vashandi vemumunda vanofanira kungobva chete mushure mekunge vasimbisa kuti nyaya yekudzikamisa zvinhu yagadziriswa.