Mibvunzo neMhinduro makumi maviri yeOptical Fiber neFiber Optic Cable

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Nezve Optical Fiber: Mibvunzo Nemhinduro Zvishoma

Sechikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa, fiber ye optical inosanganisira ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwehunyanzvi. Chinyorwa chino chinopa mamwe mazano akakosha muchimiro cheQ&A nekukurumidza kuti zvive nyore kuverenga.

1. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvekutanga zvinoshandiswa kutsanangura hunhu hwekutumira kwe optical fiber link?

Mhinduro:Zvikamu zvikuru zvinosanganisira attenuation, dispersion, bandwidth, cutoff wavelength, uye mode field diameter (MFD).

2. Chii chinokonzera kudzikira kwe optical fiber?

Mhinduro:Kudzikira kwesimba re optical fiber kunoreva kudzikira kwesimba re optical pakati pezvikamu zviviri zve fiber uye kunosiyana zvichienderana nehurefu hwe wavelength. Zvikonzero zvikuru kupararira, kunyudzwa, uye kurasikirwa kwe optical kunokonzerwa nezvinobatanidza uye zvikamu.

3. Ko chiyero chekudzikira kwe fiber ye optical chinotsanangurwa sei?

Mhinduro:Inotsanangurwa sekudzikira kwehurefu hweyuniti imwe chete yefiber ye optical pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akagadzikana, anowanzo ratidzwa mu dB/km.

4. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera ruzha mumasisitimu ekutaurirana nefiber ye optical?

Mhinduro:Manyuko eruzha anosanganisira:

• Ruzha rwunokonzerwa nekusakwana kwehuwandu hwekutsakatika
• Kuchinja-chinja kwesimba remaziso zvisina tsarukano
• Ruzha rwekumhanya kwenguva
• Ruzha rwepfuti uye ruzha rwekupisa mugamuchiri
• Ruzha rweModal mufiber
• Ruzha runobva pakukura kwemwoyo kunokonzerwa nekupararira
• Ruzha rwekuparadzanisa kwemodhi mu diode dzelaser (LDs)
• Ruzha rwekurira kwefrequency muLDs
• Ruzha rwunokonzerwa nekufungisisa

5. Chii chinonzi bandwidth ye optical fiber?

Mhinduro:Bandwidth yefiber inoreva frequency yemodulation apo amplitude yesimba re optical inoderera ne50% (kana 3 dB) kubva pa zero-frequency yayo mukushanda kwe fiber transfer. Bandwidth yefiber inoenderana nehurefu hwe fiber, uye chigadzirwa che bandwidth-length chinoramba chiripo.

Muenzaniso weChigadzirwa: LC kusvika kuSC Duplex OM3 50/125 Multimode Fiber Patch Cable, LSZH Jacket

6. Kune mhando ngani dze fiber dispersion, uye dzine chekuita nei?

Mhinduro:Kupararira kwefiber kunosanganisira:

• Kupararira kweModal
• Kupararira kwezvinhu
• Kupararira kwegwara remafungu (magadzirirwo)

Kupararira kunoenderana nehunhu hwechinhu chinobuda mumaziso pamwe nefiber pachayo.

7. Hunhu hwekupararira kwemasaini anopararira mufiber ye optical hunogona kutsanangurwa sei?

Mhinduro:Zvinogona kutsanangurwa uchishandisa maparamita matatu emuviri:

• Kuwedzera kwepulse
• Bandwidth yefaibha
• Kukosha kwekupararira

8. Chii chinonzi cutoff wavelength?

Mhinduro:Kureba kwewavelength ndiko kureba kupfupi uko chete nzira ye fundamental inogona kupararira mufiber. Kune ma fibers e single-mode, kureba kwewavelength kunofanira kunge kuri kupfupi pane kureba kwewavelength.

9. Kupararira kwefiber kunokanganisa sei mashandiro ehurongwa hwekutaurirana?

Mhinduro:Kupararira kunoita kuti mapuropa emaziso awedzere panguva yekutapurirana, zvichikanganisa:

• Chiyero chekukanganisa kweBit (BER)
• Daro rekutapurirana
• Kumhanya kwekutumira system

10. Ndeipi nzira yekudzosera shure?

Mhinduro:Nzira yekudzokera shure inoyera kureruka kwefiber. Kunyangwe simba remagetsi mazhinji richifamba mberi, chikamu chidiki chinopararira kumashure kuenda kune transmitter. Nekutarisa chiratidzo chekudzokera shure nekufamba kwenguva, zvinokwanisika kuyera:

• Kureba kwefaibha
• Kuderedza fiber
• Zvisina kurongeka munharaunda
• Nzvimbo dzekuzorora
• Kurasikirwa pazvisungo nezvinobatanidza

Muenzaniso weChigadzirwa: MPO 24-Pin kusvika 3×MPO 8-Pin OM4 50/125μm Multimode Fiber Cable, LSZH Jacket, Aqua

11. Chii chinonzi nzvimbo yeOTDR isina simba, uye inokanganisa sei kuyedzwa?

Mhinduro:OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) inoshandisa chiedza chinobuda panguva yekutumira optical kuti iwane ruzivo rwekudzikamisa magetsi. Inoshandiswa kuyera kudzikamisa magetsi, kurasikirwa kwe splice, nzvimbo yezvikanganiso, uye kupararira kwemagetsi panguva yekubatanidza fiber.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvekushanda kweOTDR zvinosanganisira:

• Rudzi rwekuchinja-chinja
• Kunzwisisa
• Kugadziriswa
• Nguva yekuyera
• Nzvimbo yafa

Nzvimbo yakafa ndiyo chikamu chinotevera chiitiko chakasimba chekuratidzira apo OTDR haigone kuona kana kugadzirisa zviitiko zvinotevera nemazvo. Mukuyedza kwakajeka, mafiber ekuburitsa uye mafiber ekugamuchira anowanzo shandiswa kuderedza kukanganiswa kwenzvimbo dzakafa.

12. Mafiber e optical anorongwa sei zvichienderana nekugoverwa kwe refractive index?

Mhinduro:Mafiber e optical anopatsanurwa kuita:

• Matanho-index fibers
• Fiber dzakagadzirwa ne-graded-index

Matanho ekufambisa mashoko ane nhanho-index ane bandwidth yakamanikana uye akakodzera kutaurirana kusina simba rakawanda uye kure kure. Matanho ekufambisa mashoko ane giredhi-index anopa bandwidth yakakura uye akakodzera masisitimu ekutaurirana ane simba repakati nepamusoro.

13. Mafiber e optical anorongwa sei zvichienderana nenzira dzekutumira?

Mhinduro:Fibers dzakakamurwa kuita:

Fiber yeModhi Imwe Chete (SMF)

• Dhayamita yepakati: inenge 1–10 μm
• Inotsigira chete nzira yekutanga
• Yakakodzera kutapurirana kure uye ine simba guru

Fiber yeMultimode (MMF)

• Dhayamita yepakati: inenge 50–60 μm
• Inotsigira nzira dzakawanda dzekuparadzira
• Kushanda kwekutumira kwakaderera pane SMF

Mumasystem ekudzivirira magetsi akasiyana-siyana anoshandisa nzira dzekudzivirira dzakawanda, fiber dze multimode dzinowanzo shandiswa pakati pemidziyo yekushandura photoelectric mukamuri rekutaurirana nemidziyo yekudzivirira mukamuri rekudzora.

14. Chii chinorehwa neNumerical Aperture (NA) ye step-index fiber?

Mhinduro:Numerical Aperture (NA) inoratidza kugona kwefiber kuunganidza chiedza. Kana NA yakakura, fiber inokwanisa kuunganidza chiedza chinouya nesimba.

15. Chii chinonzi birefringence mu single-mode optical fibers?

Mhinduro:Fiber dzemhando imwe chete dzinotsigira nzira mbiri dze orthogonal polarization. Kana fiber isina kuenzana zvakakwana ne cylindrical, nzira mbiri dze polarization dzichava ne refractive indices dzakasiyana. Musiyano mukuru pakati peizvi refractive indices unozivikanwa se birefringence.

Muenzaniso weChigadzirwa: OM5 50/125 Multimode Fiber Optic Cable, Dual LC kusvika Dual LC, 5 m, OFNR Zipcord Jacket

16. Ndezvipi zvinogumira pakukombama kwetambo dze optical?

Mhinduro:Nharaunda yekukotama inofanira kunge iri:

• Dai wangoKa20dhayamita yekunze yetambo pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu asingachinji
• Dai wangoKa30dhayamita yekunze yetambo panguva yekuisa kana kufamba

17. Chii chinofanira kufungwa nezvacho mumapurojekiti eADSS optical cable?

Mhinduro:Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zvinofungwa nezvazvo ndeizvi:

1. Dhizaini yemuchina wetambo ye optical
2. Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo dzekumisikidzwa
3. Kusarudzwa uye kuiswa kwezvishandiso zvehardware zvinoenderana

18. Ndezvipi zvinhu zviviri zvinonyanya kukosha pakushanda kwe fiber optic connectors?

Mhinduro:Zvinobatanidza zveFiber optic (zvinowanzonzi zvibatanidza zvepatch) zvinonyanya kuongororwa ne:

• Kurasikirwa Nekuiswa (IL)
• Kurasikirwa Nekudzoka (RL)

19. Chii chinonzi kurasikirwa kwekupinza mu fiber optic connector?

Mhinduro:Kurasikirwa kwekuisa zvinoreva kudzikira kwesimba rinotumirwa rinoshanda rinokonzerwa nekupinza chinongedzo munzira ye optical. Kurasikirwa kwekuisa kwakaderera ndiko kunosarudzwa. Sekureva kweITU-T, kurasikirwa kwekuisa hakufanirwe kudarika0.5 dB.

20. Chii chinonzi kudzoka kurasikirwa (kuderedzwa kwekutarisa) mu fiber optic connector?

Mhinduro:Kurasikirwa kwekudzoka kunoyera huwandu hwesimba remagetsi rinodzoserwa rinodzoka kuburikidza nechiteshi chekupinda nekuda kwekuratidzira kwekubatanidza. Kurasikirwa kwekudzoka kwakakwira kunoratidza kushanda kuri nani, nehukuru hwakajairika hwe25 dB kana kupfuura.