EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network)
Ethernet passive optical network itekinoroji yePON yakavakirwa paEthernet. Inoshandisa point to multipoint structure uye passive fiber optic transmission, ichipa masevhisi akawanda pamusoro peEthernet. Tekinoroji yeEPON yakajairika neboka rekushanda reIEEE802.3 EFM. Muna Chikumi 2004, boka rekushanda reIEEE802.3EFM rakaburitsa standard yeEPON - IEEE802.3ah (yakabatanidzwa mu standard yeIEEE802.3-2005 muna 2005).
Muchiyero ichi, matekinoroji eEthernet nePON anobatanidzwa, netekinoroji yePON inoshandiswa pa physical layer uye Ethernet protocol inoshandiswa pa data link layer, ichishandisa topology yePON kuti iwane mukana weEthernet. Saka, inosanganisa zvakanakira tekinoroji yePON ne Ethernet: mutengo wakaderera, bandwidth yakakwira, scalability yakasimba, compatibility neEthernet iripo, manejimendi iri nyore, nezvimwewo.
GPON (PON Inokwanisa Kushandiswa neGigabit)
Tekinoroji iyi ndiyo chizvarwa chemazuva ano che broadband passive optical integrated access standard yakavakirwa paITU-TG.984. x standard, ine zvakanakira zvakawanda zvakaita se high bandwidth, high efficiency, large coverage area, uye rich user interfaces. Inoonekwa nevazhinji vevashandisi se tekinoroji yakakodzera yekuwana broadband uye shanduko yakazara yemasevhisi e access network. GPON yakatanga kukurudzirwa nesangano reFSAN munaGunyana 2002. Zvichibva pane izvi, ITU-T yakapedzisa kugadzirwa kweITU-T G.984.1 neG.984.2 munaKurume 2003, uye standard G.984.3 munaKukadzi naChikumi 2004. Saka, mhuri yakajairika yeGPON yakazoumbwa pakupedzisira.
Tekinoroji yeGPON yakatanga kubva pachiyero chetekinoroji yeATPON chakaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma muna 1995, uye PON inomiririra "Passive Optical Network" muchiRungu. GPON (Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network) yakatanga kukurudzirwa nesangano reFSAN munaGunyana 2002. Zvichibva pane izvi, ITU-T yakapedza kugadzira ITU-T G.984.1 naG.984.2 munaKurume 2003, uye G.984.3 yakajairwa munaKukadzi naChikumi 2004. Saka, mhuri yakajairwa yeGPON yakazopedzisira yaumbwa. Chimiro chemidziyo yakavakirwa patekinoroji yeGPON chakafanana nePON iripo, inosanganisira OLT (Optical Line Terminal) pahofisi yepakati, ONT/ONU (Optical Network Terminal kana Optical Network Unit) pamugumo wemushandisi, ODN (Optical Distribution Network) inoumbwa nefiber imwe chete (SM fiber) uye passive splitter, uye network management system inobatanidza michina miviri yekutanga.
Musiyano uripo pakati peEPON neGPON
GPON inoshandisa tekinoroji yewavelength division multiplexing (WDM) kuti ikwanise kurodha nekurodha panguva imwe chete. Kazhinji, 1490nm optical carrier inoshandiswa pakurodha, nepo 1310nm optical carrier ichisarudzwa pakurodha. Kana masaini eTV achida kutumirwa, 1550nm optical carrier ichashandiswawo. Kunyangwe ONU yega yega ichigona kusvika pakurodha nekukurumidza kwe2.488 Gbits/s, GPON inoshandisawo Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) kuti ipe mushandisi wega wega nguva yakatarwa muchiratidzo cheperiodic.
Mwero wepamusoro wekudhawunirodha weXGPON unosvika 10Gbits/s, uye mwero wekudhawunirodha zvakare 2.5Gbit/s. Inoshandisawo tekinoroji yeWDM, uye marefu ewavelength evanotakura optical vanokwira nevanodzika ndiwo 1270nm uye 1577nm, zvichiteerana.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekutumira, maONU akawanda anogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nefomati yedata yakafanana, nedaro guru rekufukidza rinosvika 20km. Kunyangwe XGPON isati yashandiswa zvakanyanya, inopa nzira yakanaka yekuvandudza kune vanoshanda nekutaurirana kwemaziso.
EPON inoenderana zvizere nedzimwe Ethernet standards, saka hapana chikonzero chekushandura kana kuvharira kana yakabatana neEthernet based networks, ine payload yepamusoro ye1518 bytes. EPON haidi nzira yekupinda yeCSMA/CD mune mamwe ma Ethernet versions. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo Ethernet transmission iriyo nzira huru yekutumira network yemuno, hapana chikonzero chekushandura network protocol panguva yekuvandudza kune network yemuguta.
Kunewo shanduro yeEthernet ye10 Gbit/s inonzi 802.3av. Kumhanya kwemutsetse chaiwo i10.3125 Gbits/s. Main mode i10 Gbits/s uplink uye downlink rate, dzimwe dzichishandisa 10 Gbits/s downlink uye 1 Gbit/s uplink.
Shanduro yeGbit/s inoshandisa mawavelength akasiyana-siyana e optical pafiber, ine wavelength iri pasi pe1575-1580nm uye wavelength iri kumusoro ye1260-1280nm. Nokudaro, system ye10 Gbit/s uye system ye1Gbit/s inogona kuwedzeredzwa mawavelength pafiber imwe chete.
Kubatanidzwa kwemitambo mitatu
Kubatana kwemanetwork matatu zvinoreva kuti mukushanduka kubva panetwork yekutaurirana, network yeredhiyo neterevhizheni, uye Internet kuenda kune network yekutaurirana yebroadband, network yeterevhizheni yedhijitari, uye Internet yechizvarwa chinotevera, manetwork matatu, kuburikidza nekushandurwa kwehunyanzvi, anowanzova nemabasa ehunyanzvi akafanana, chiyero chimwe chebhizinesi, kubatana kwenetwork, kugovana zviwanikwa, uye anogona kupa vashandisi izwi, data, redhiyo neterevhizheni nemamwe masevhisi. Kubatanidzwa katatu hakurevi kubatanidzwa kwepanyama kwemanetwork matatu makuru, asi kunonyanya kureva kubatanidzwa kwemaapplication ebhizinesi epamusoro.
Kubatanidzwa kwema network matatu aya kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sekufambisa zvine hungwaru, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, mabasa ehurumende, kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu, uye dzimba dzakachengeteka. Mune ramangwana, nharembozha dzinogona kuona TV nekutsvaga internet, TV inogona kufona nekutsvaga internet, uye makombiyuta anogonawo kufona nekuona TV.
Kubatanidzwa kwema network matatu kunogona kuongororwa nepfungwa kubva pamaonero akasiyana uye mazinga, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji, kubatanidzwa kwebhizinesi, kubatanidzwa kweindasitiri, kubatanidzwa kweterminal, uye kubatanidzwa kwenetwork.
Tekinoroji yeBroadband
Chinhu chikuru che tekinoroji ye broadband i fiber optic communication technology. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvekubatana kwenetwork ndechekupa masevhisi akabatana kuburikidza nenetwork. Kuti upe masevhisi akabatana, zvakakosha kuva nenetwork platform inogona kutsigira kutapurirana kwemabasa akasiyana-siyana emultimedia (streaming media) akadai seaudio nevideo.
Hunhu hwemabhizinesi aya ndehwekuda kukuru kwebhizinesi, huwandu hwakawanda hwedata, uye zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro yebasa, saka zvinowanzoda bandwidth yakakura kwazvo panguva yekutumira data. Uyezve, kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, mutengo haufanirwe kunge wakakwira zvakanyanya. Nenzira iyi, tekinoroji yekutaurirana yefiber optic ine simba rakawanda uye inoenderera mberi yave sarudzo yakanakisa yekutumira data. Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yebroadband, kunyanya tekinoroji yekutaurirana kwemaziso, inopa bandwidth inodiwa, mhando yekutumira data, uye mutengo wakaderera wekutumira ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwebhizinesi.
Senzira huru yekukurukurirana kwemazuva ano, tekinoroji yekutaurirana kwemaziso iri kukura nekukurumidza ka100 mumakore gumi ega ega. Kutapurirana kwefiber optic ine simba guru ndiyo nzvimbo yakakodzera yekutumira "network nhatu" uye ndiyo inotakura ruzivo rwemangwana. Tekinoroji yekutaurirana yefiber optic ine simba guru yakashandiswa zvakanyanya munetwork dzekutaurirana, network dzemakombiyuta, uye network dzekuparadzira neterevhizheni.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2024