Kubva pakatanga IPTV mumusika muna 1999, kukura kwacho kwakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvinotarisirwa kuti vashandisi veIPTV pasi rose vachasvika vanopfuura mamiriyoni makumi maviri nematanhatu panosvika gore ra2008, uye kukura kwegore negore kwevashandisi veIPTV muChina kubva muna 2003 kusvika 2008 kuchasvika 245%.
Sekureva kweongororo iyi, kiromita yekupedzisira yeIPTVKupinda kunowanzo shandiswa muDSL cable access mode, zvichienderana nebandwidth uye kugadzikana nezvimwe zvinhu, IPTV mumakwikwi neTV yakajairika haina kunaka, uye nzira yekuvaka cable access inodhura zvakanyanya, kutenderera kwacho kwakareba, uye kwakaoma. Saka, maitiro ekugadzirisa dambudziko rekupedzisira reIPTV akakosha zvikuru.
WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) itekinoroji yeBroadband Wireless Access yakavakirwa paIEEE802.16 series of protocols, iyo yave zvishoma nezvishoma kuva nzvimbo itsva yekuvandudza tekinoroji yeBroadband Wireless yeMetro. Inogona kutsiva DSL iripo uye connections dzakabatana kuti ipe mafomu ekubatanidza wireless Broadband akasimba, akagadzirwa. Nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera wekuvaka, mashandiro ehunyanzvi uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya, ichave tekinoroji iri nani yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekupedzisira reIPTV.
2, mamiriro aripo pari zvino etekinoroji yekuwana IPTV
Parizvino, matekinoroji anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupa masevhisi eIPTV anosanganisira DSL, FTTB, FTTH nedzimwe tekinoroji dzekuwana tambo dzemagetsi. Nekuda kwekudyara mari shoma mukushandisa sisitimu yeDSL iripo kutsigira masevhisi eIPTV, 3/4 yevashandi vefoni muAsia vanoshandisa mabhokisi ekugadzirisa mafambiro emagetsi kushandura masaini eDSL kuita masaini eTV kuti vape masevhisi eIPTV.
Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zviri muIPTV bearer zvinosanganisira VOD neTV programs. Kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti kunaka kwekuona kweIPTV kwakaenzana nekwenetwork yecable iripo, IPTV bearer network inofanirwa kupa vimbiso mubandwidth, channel switching delay, network QoS, nezvimwewo, uye zvinhu izvi zveDSL technology hazvikwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa neIPTV, uye rutsigiro rweDSL rwemulticast rwakaganhurirwa. IPv4 protocol routers, hadzitsigire multicast. Kunyangwe mudzidziso kuchine mukana wekuvandudza tekinoroji yeDSL, pane shanduko shoma dzemhando yepamusoro mubandwidth.
3, hunhu hwetekinoroji yeWiMAX
WiMAX inyanzvi yekubatanidza mawaya isina waya yakavakirwa pachiyero cheIEEE802.16, inova chiyero chitsva chemhepo chinoshandiswa kuma microwave ne millimeter wave bands. Inogona kupa huwandu hwekutumira hunosvika 75Mbit/s, kufukidza chiteshi chimwe chete kusvika 50km. WiMAX yakagadzirirwa maLAN asina waya uye kugadzirisa dambudziko remakiromita ekupedzisira ekushandisa mawaya ewaya, inoshandiswa kubatanidza "nzvimbo dzinopisa" dzeWi-Fi kuInternet, asiwo kubatanidza nharaunda yekambani kana imba kune waya yewaya, iyo inogona kushandiswa setambo netambo yeDTH, uye inogona kushandiswa setambo netambo yeDTH. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kubatanidza nharaunda dzakadai sebhizinesi kana imba kune waya yewaya, uye inogona kushandiswa sekuwedzera kwewaya kune waya neDSL kuti igone kuwana waya yewaya.
4, WiMAX inowana mukana we IPTV usina waya
(1) Zvinodiwa zveIPTV pa network yekusvika
Chinhu chikuru chebasa reIPTV ndechekubatana kwaro uye kushanda kwaro panguva chaiyo. Kuburikidza nebasa reIPTV, vashandisi vanogona kunakidzwa nemabasa edhijitari emhando yepamusoro (pedyo neDVD level), uye vanogona kusarudza mapurogiramu evhidhiyo kubva kuma network eIP ebroadband, zvichiita kuti pave nekudyidzana kwakakura pakati pevanopa midhiya nevatengi vemidhiya.
Kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti kunaka kwekuona kweIPTV kwakaenzana nekwenetwork yetambo iripo, network yeIPTV inodiwa kuti ikwanise kupa vimbiso maererano nebandwidth, latency yekuchinja nzira, network QoS, nezvimwewo. Nezve bandwidth yekupinda kwemushandisi, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekodhi iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya, vashandisi vanoda kanenge 3 ~ 4Mbit / s downlink access bandwidth, kana kutapurirana kwevhidhiyo yemhando yepamusoro, bandwidth inodiwa yakakwirawo; mukunonoka kwekuchinja nzira, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti vashandisi veIPTV vanochinja pakati pemachaneli akasiyana uye TV yakajairika ichichinja mashandiro akafanana, kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemasevhisi eIPTV kunoda kanenge michina yedhijitari yeSubscriber line access multiplexing (DSLAM) yekutsigira tekinoroji yeIP multicast; maererano nenetwork QoS, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwepaketi, jitter nezvimwe zvinokanganisa kunaka kwekuona kweIPTV.
(2) Kuenzanisa nzira yekuwana WiMAX nenzira yekuwana DSL, Wi-Fi uye FTTx
DSL, nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvayo zvehunyanzvi, kuchine matambudziko akawanda maererano nedaro, mwero uye mwero wekubuda. Kana ichienzaniswa neDSL, WiMAX inogona kuzadza nzvimbo yakakura, kupa mwero wedata nekukurumidza, kuva nekukwanisa kukura uye vimbiso yepamusoro yeQoS.
Kana ichienzaniswa neWi-Fi, WiMAX ine zvakanakira zvehunyanzvi zvekuti ine mukana wakakura wekufukidza, ine mukana wakakura wekugadzirisa bhendi, ine mukana wakakura wekukwanisa kukura, ine mukana wepamusoro weQoS uye yakachengeteka, nezvimwewo. Wi-Fi yakavakirwa paWireless Local Area Network (WLAN), uye inonyanya kushandiswa pakuwana internet/intranet zviri pedyo nepedyo mukati memba, mumahofisi, kana munzvimbo dzinopisa; WiMAX yakavakirwa paWireless WiMAX yakavakirwa paWireless metropolitan area network (WMAN), iyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakuwana data nekukurumidza pasi pefoni yakagadzika uye yakaderera.
FTTB+LAN, senzira yekukurumidza kuwana broadband, inoitaIPTVsevhisi yacho haina dambudziko guru, asi inogumira padambudziko rekubatanidza waya muchivako, mari yekuisa uye daro rekutumirwa kunokonzerwa netambo dzakamonyoroka. Hunhu hwakanaka hweWiMAX hwekutumirwa kwemagetsi husingaonekwe, kushandiswa kunochinjika uye kugona kukura kwemagadzirirwo, mhando yebasa reQoS rakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwakasimba zvese zvinoita kuti ive nzira yakanaka yekuwana IPTV.
(3) Mabhenefiti eWiMAX mukuwana mukana wekuwana IPTV isina waya
Nekuenzanisa WiMAX neDSL, Wi-Fi neFTTx, zvinoonekwa kuti WiMAX ndiyo sarudzo iri nani pakuwana IPTV. Kubva muna Chivabvu 2006, nhamba yenhengo dzeWiMAX Forum yakawedzera kusvika pa356, uye vanopfuura 120 vanoshanda pasi rese vakabatana nesangano iri. WiMAX ichave tekinoroji yakakodzera yekugadzirisa makiromita ekupedzisira eIPTV. WiMAX ichavewo imwe nzira iri nani pane DSL neWi-Fi.
(4) Kuwanikwa kweWiMAX kweIPTV
IEEE802.16-2004 standard inonyanya kutarisana nematerminals akagadzika, daro guru rekutumirwa kwemashoko i7~10km, uye bhendi rayo rekutaurirana rakaderera pane 11GHz, zvichitora nzira yesarudzo yechiteshi, uye bandwidth yechiteshi chimwe nechimwe iri pakati pe1.25~20MHz. Kana bandwidth iri 20 MHz, mwero wepamusoro weIEEE 802.16a unogona kusvika 75 Mbit/s, kazhinji 40 Mbit/s; kana bandwidth iri 10 MHz, inogona kupa avhareji yehuwandu hwekutumirwa kwemashoko ye20 Mbit/s.
MaWiMAX network anotsigira mabhizinesi ane mavara akasiyana. Masevhisi edata ane mitengo yakasiyana ndiwo chinangwa chikuru chenetwork. WiMAX inotsigira mazinga akasiyana eQoS, saka kufukidzwa kwenetwork kwakabatana zvakanyanya nerudzi rwesevhisi. Panyaya yekuwana IPTV. Nekuti IPTV inoda vimbiso yeQoS yepamusoro uye mitengo yekutumira data nekukurumidza. Saka network yeWiMAX inogadziriswa zvine musoro zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevashandisi munharaunda uye zvavanoda. Kana vashandisi vachipinda munetwork yeIPTV. Hapana chikonzero chekuita waya zvakare, ingoda kuwedzera michina yekugamuchira yeWiMAX uye IP set-top box, kuitira kuti vashandisi vagone kushandisa IPTV sevhisi zviri nyore uye nekukurumidza.
Parizvino, IPTV ibhizinesi riri kusimukira rine mukana mukuru wemusika, uye kukura kwayo kuchiri kutanga. Kambani yekuvandudza kwayo mune ramangwana ndeyekubatanidza masevhisi eIPTV nematerminal, uye TV ichave terminal yakazara yedhijitari ine mabasa ekutaurirana neInternet. Asi IPTV ichaita budiriro chaiyo, kwete kungogadzirisa dambudziko rezviri mukati chete, asiwo kugadzirisa dambudziko remakiromita ekupedzisira.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-05-2024