EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network)
Ethernet passive optical network iPON tekinoroji yakavakirwa paEthernet. Iyo inotora poindi kune multipoint chimiro uye passive fiber optic kutapurirana, ichipa akawanda masevhisi pamusoro peEthernet. Tekinoroji yeEPON yakamisikidzwa neIEEE802.3 EFM boka rinoshanda. Muna Chikumi 2004, boka rinoshanda reIEEE802.3EFM rakaburitsa chiyero cheEPON - IEEE802.3ah (yakabatanidzwa muchiyero cheIEEE802.3-2005 muna 2005).
Muchiyero ichi, matekinoroji eEthernet nePON anosanganiswa, nePON tekinoroji inoshandiswa pachikamu chemuviri uye Ethernet protocol inoshandiswa padanho rekubatanidza data, uchishandisa topology yePON kuwana mukana weEthernet. Naizvozvo, inosanganisa zvakanakira zvePON tekinoroji uye Ethernet tekinoroji: mutengo wakaderera, wakakwira bandwidth, yakasimba scalability, kuenderana neiyo iripo Ethernet, nyore manejimendi, nezvimwe.
GPON (Gigabit-Inokwanisa PON)
Iyo tekinoroji ndiyo yazvino chizvarwa chebroadband passive optical integrated access standard yakavakirwa paITU-TG.984. x chiyero, chine akawanda mabhenefiti akadai seyepamusoro bandwidth, hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, nzvimbo yakakura yekuvharira, uye yakapfuma mushandisi nzvimbo. Iyo inotaridzirwa nevazhinji vanoshanda seyakakodzera tekinoroji yekuwana Broadband uye yakazara shanduko yekuwana network masevhisi. GPON yakatanga kurongedzerwa nesangano reFSAN munaGunyana 2002. Kubva pane izvi, ITU-T yakapedzisa kugadzirwa kweITU-T G.984.1 uye G.984.2 muna March 2003, uye yakagadziriswa G.984.3 munaFebruary naJune 2004. Nokudaro, mhuri yakajairika yeGPON yakazoumbwa.
Tekinoroji yeGPON yakatanga kubva pachiyero chetekinoroji cheATMPON chakaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma muna 1995, uye PON inomirira "Passive Optical Network" muChirungu. GPON (Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network) yakatanga kurongedzerwa nesangano reFSAN munaGunyana 2002. Kubva pane izvi, ITU-T yakapedza kugadzirwa kweITU-T G.984.1 uye G.984.2 muna March 2003, uye yakagadziriswa G.984.3 mu Kukadzi naChikumi 2004. Nokudaro, mhuri yakajairika yeGPON yakazoumbwa. Chimiro chemidziyo yakavakirwa paGPON tekinoroji yakafanana nePON iripo, inosanganisira OLT (Optical Line Terminal) pahofisi yepakati, ONT/ONU (Optical Network Terminal kana Optical Network Unit) pakupera kwemushandisi, ODN (Optical Distribution Network. ) inoumbwa ne-single-mode fiber (SM fiber) uye passive splitter, uye network management system inobatanidza michina miviri yekutanga.
Musiyano uripo pakati peEPON neGPON
GPON inoshandisa tekinoroji yewavelength division multiplexing (WDM) kugonesa kurodha nekurodha panguva imwe chete. Kazhinji, 1490nm inotakura inotakura inoshandiswa kudhawunirodha, nepo 1310nm inotakura inotakura inosarudzwa kurodha. Kana masaini eTV achida kufambiswa, 1550nm optical carrier ichashandiswa zvakare. Kunyangwe ONU yega yega ichikwanisa kuwana kumhanya kwekurodha kwe2.488 Gbits/s, GPON inoshandisawo Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) kugovera imwe nguva yenguva yemushandisi wega wega muchiratidzo chenguva.
Iyo yakanyanya kudhawunirodha mwero weXGPON inosvika 10Gbits/s, uye chiyero chekukwirisa zvakare 2.5Gbit/s. Iyo inoshandisawo WDM tekinoroji, uye wavelengths yekumusoro uye yakadzika maoptical carriers ndeye 1270nm uye 1577nm, zvichiteerana.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekutapurirana, mamwe maONU anogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana neiyo data fomati, nehupamhi hwekuvhara chinhambwe chekusvika ku20km. Kunyange zvazvo XGPON isati yave yakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya, inopa nzira yakanaka yekusimudzira yevashandisi vekukurukurirana.
EPON inofambirana zvizere nemamwe maEthernet mwero, saka hapana chikonzero cheshanduko kana encapsulation kana yabatana neEthernet based network, ine payload inodarika 1518 bytes. EPON haidi nzira yekuwana CSMA/CD mune dzimwe shanduro dzeEthernet. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo Ethernet kutapurirana ndiyo nzira huru yekutapurirana kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo, hapana chikonzero chekushandura network protocol panguva yekusimudzira kune metropolitan area network.
Kune zvakare gumi Gbit/s Ethernet vhezheni yakasarudzwa se802.3av. Iyo chaiyo mutsara kumhanya ndeye 10.3125 Gbits/s. Nzira huru ndeye 10 Gbits/s uplink uye downlink rate, vamwe vachishandisa 10 Gbits/s downlink uye 1 Gbit/s uplink.
Iyo Gbit/s vhezheni inoshandisa akasiyana optical wavelengths pafiber, ine yakadzika wavelength ye1575-1580nm uye yakakwira wavelength ye1260-1280nm. Naizvozvo, iyo 10 Gbit/s system uye yakajairwa 1Gbit/s system inogona kuve wavelength yakapetwa pane imwechete fiber.
Kubatanidzwa katatu kwekutamba
Iko kusangana kwematatu network kunoreva kuti mukushanduka kubva kunharembozha, redhiyo neterevhizheni network, uye Internet kuenda kubroadband network network, digital terevhizheni network, uye chizvarwa chinotevera Internet, matatu network, kuburikidza nehunyanzvi shanduko, anowanzo kuve ne mabasa akafanana ehunyanzvi, chiyero chebhizinesi chakafanana, network yekubatanidza, kugovana zviwanikwa, uye inogona kupa vashandisi izwi, data, redhiyo uye terevhizheni uye mamwe masevhisi. Kubatanidzwa katatu hakurevi kubatanidzwa kwemuviri kwematatu makuru, asi zvinonyanya kureva kusanganiswa kwepamusoro-soro bhizinesi maapplication.
Kubatanidzwa kweatatu network kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana sekutakura kwakangwara, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, basa rehurumende, kuchengetedzwa kweveruzhinji, uye dzimba dzakachengeteka. Mune ramangwana, nharembozha dzinogona kuona TV nekusevha internet, TV inogona kufona nekusevha internet, uye makomputa anogonawo kufona nekuona TV.
Iko kubatanidzwa kweatatu network kunogona kuongororwa zvine mufungo kubva pamaonero akasiyana uye mazinga, anosanganisira kubatanidza tekinoroji, kubatanidzwa kwebhizinesi, kubatanidzwa kweindasitiri, kubatanidzwa kwekupedzisira, uye kubatanidzwa kwetiweki.
Broadband tekinoroji
Muviri mukuru webroadband tekinoroji ndeye fiber optic yekutaurirana tekinoroji. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvekusangana kwetiweki kupa masevhisi akabatana kuburikidza netiweki. Kupa masevhisi akabatana, zvinodikanwa kuve netiweki chikuva chinogona kutsigira kutapurirana kweakasiyana multimedia (kutepfenyura midhiya) masevhisi akadai odhiyo nevhidhiyo.
Hunhu hwemabhizinesi aya hukuru hwebhizinesi kudiwa, hombe data vhoriyamu, uye yepamusoro sevhisi zvinodiwa, saka ivo vanowanzoda hombe bandwidth panguva yekufambisa. Uyezve, kubva pakuona kwehupfumi, mari yacho haifaniri kunge yakanyanyisa. Neiyi nzira, yakakwirira-inogoneka uye yakagadzikana fiber optic yekutaurirana tekinoroji yave sarudzo yakanakisa yekufambisa midhiya. Iko kuvandudza tekinoroji yebroadband tekinoroji, kunyanya tekinoroji yekutaurirana, inopa bandwidth inodiwa, mhando yekufambisa, uye mutengo wakaderera wekufambisa ruzivo rwakasiyana rwebhizinesi.
Sembiru tekinoroji mundima yemazuva ano yekutaurirana, tekinoroji yekukurukurirana yemaziso iri kusimukira neka100 kukura makore gumi ega ega. Fiber optic transmission ine hukuru hukuru ndiyo yakanakira kutapurirana chikuva che "matatu network" uye chikuru chemuviri chinotakura cheramangwana ruzivo mugwagwa. Huru huwandu hwefiber optic yekutaurirana tekinoroji yakashandiswa zvakanyanya munharembozha network, makomputa network, uye kutepfenyura uye terevhizheni.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2024