1. Kupatsanurwa kweFiberAma-mplifiers
Kune mhando nhatu huru dzema amplifiers e optical:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Ma amplifiers e optical fiber ane zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvepasi (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, nezvimwewo), kunyanya ma amplifiers e fiber ane erbium doped (EDFA), pamwe chete nema amplifiers e-thulium-doped fiber (TDFA) uye ma amplifiers e-praseodymium-doped fiber (PDFA), nezvimwewo.
(3) Ma-amplifiers e-fiber asiri e-linear, kunyanya ma-amplifiers e-fiber Raman (FRA, Fiber Raman Amplifier). Kuenzanisa kukuru kwekushanda kwema-amplifiers aya e-optical kunoratidzwa mutafura.
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Sisitimu yelaser ine mazinga akawanda inogona kugadzirwa nekushandisa zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvepasi mu quartz fiber (senge Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, nezvimwewo), uye chiedza chekupinda chinowedzerwa zvakananga pasi pekushanda kwechiedza chepombi. Mushure mekupa mhinduro yakakodzera, fiber laser inoumbwa. Wavelength inoshanda yeNd-doped fiber amplifier ndeye 1060nm ne 1330nm, uye kugadzirwa kwayo nekushandiswa kwayo kwakaganhurirwa nekuda kwekutsauka kubva pachiteshi chakanakisa chekutaurirana kwe fiber optic nezvimwe zvikonzero. Wavelength dzekushanda dzeEDFA nePDFA dziri muhwindo rekurasikirwa kwakaderera (1550nm) uye zero dispersion wavelength (1300nm) yekutaurirana kwe fiber optic, uye TDFA inoshanda muS-band, iyo yakakodzera kwazvo mashandisirwo ehurongwa hwekutaurirana kwe fiber optic. Kunyanya EDFA, iyo inokurumidza kukura, yave ichishanda.
IyoPruzivo rweEDFA
Maumbirwo ekutanga eEDFA anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1(a), uyo unonyanya kuumbwa nechinhu chinoshanda (erbium-doped silica fiber inenge makumi emamita kureba, ine dhayamita yepakati ye3-5 microns uye doping concentration ye (25-1000)x10-6), pombi yechiedza (990 kana 1480nm LD), optical coupler uye optical isolator. Chiedza chechiratidzo nechiedza chepombi zvinogona kupararira nenzira imwechete (codirectional pumping), nzira dzakapesana (reverse pumping) kana nzira dzese dziri mbiri (bidirectional pumping) mu erbium fiber. Kana mwenje wechiratidzo nechiedza chepombi zvikapinzwa mu erbium fiber panguva imwe chete, ma erbium ions anoshamiswa kusvika padanho resimba rakakwirira pasi pekushanda kwechiedza chepombi (Mufananidzo 1 (b), system ine nhanho nhatu), uye nekukurumidza kuora kusvika padanho resimba rinoshanduka, parinodzokera pasi pasi pekushanda kwechiedza chechiratidzo chechiitiko, rinoburitsa ma photons anoenderana nechiedza chechiratidzo, kuitira kuti chiratidzo chiwedzere. Mufananidzo 1 (c) ndiwo spectrum yayo yeAmplified Single Emission (ASE) ine bandwidth yakakura (kusvika 20-40nm) uye peaks mbiri dzinoenderana ne1530nm ne1550nm zvichiteerana.
Zvakanakira zvikuru zveEDFA zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwesimba remagetsi (high gain), bandwidth yakakura (large bandwidth), simba guru rekuburitsa simba (high output power), kushanda zvakanaka kwepombi (high pombi efficiency), kurasikirwa kwakaderera kwekuisa simba (insertion loss), uye kusanzwa kukanganiswa nemamiriro epolarization.
2. Matambudziko neFiber Optical Amplifiers
Kunyangwe optical amplifier (kunyanya EDFA) ine mabhenefiti akawanda akanaka, haisi amplifier yakanaka. Pamusoro peruzha rwakawedzerwa runoderedza SNR yechiratidzo, kune zvimwe zvikanganiso, zvakaita se:
- Kusaenzana kwegain spectrum mukati mebandwidth yeamplifier kunokanganisa mashandiro ekuwedzera kwemachannel akawanda;
- Kana ma amplifiers e optical akabviswa, mhedzisiro yeruzha rweASE, kupararira kwefiber uye mhedzisiro isiri yemutsara inounganidzwa.
Nyaya idzi dzinofanira kutariswa mukushandiswa uye kugadzirwa kwesystem.
3. Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifier muOptical Fiber Communication System
Muhurongwa hwekutaurirana nefiber ye optical,Faibha Optical gudzazwiinogona kushandiswa kwete chete sesimba rekusimudzira simba remuchina wekutumira kuti iwedzere simba rekutumira, asiwo sekutanga kweamplifier yemuchina wekugamuchira kuti ivandudze kunzwisisika kwekugamuchira, uye inogona zvakare kutsiva chinowanzo shandiswa che optical-electrical-optical repeater, kuwedzera daro rekutumira uye kuita kuti kutaurirana kwe optical-all-optical kuve nyore.
Muma optical fiber communication systems, zvinhu zvikuru zvinoderedza daro rekutumira ndiko kurasikirwa nekupararira kwe optical fiber. Uchishandisa light source ine specrum light, kana kushanda pedyo ne zero-dispersion wavelength, simba re fiber dispersion harisi diki. Iyi system haidi kuita complete signal timing regeneration (3R relay) pa relay station yega yega. Zvakakwana kuwedzera optical signal zvakananga ne optical amplifier (1R relay). Optical amplifiers inogona kushandiswa kwete chete muma trunk systems ari kure asiwo muma optical fiber distribution networks, kunyanya muma WDM systems, kuwedzera ma channels akawanda panguva imwe chete.
1) Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifiers muTrunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Mufananidzo wechipiri idhayagiramu inoratidza mashandisirwo e optical amplifier mu trunk optical fiber communication system. (a) mufananidzo unoratidza kuti optical amplifier inoshandiswa se power boost amplifier ye transmitter uye preamplifier ye receiver kuitira kuti daro risingadzoreki ripetwe kaviri. Semuenzaniso, kushandisa EDFA, system transmission. daro re1.8Gb/s rinowedzera kubva pa120km kusvika pa250km kana kutosvika 400km. Mufananidzo 2 (b)-(d) ikushandiswa kwema optical amplifiers muma multi-relay systems; Mufananidzo (b) imodhi yechinyakare ye3R relay; Mufananidzo (c) imodhi ye mixed relay ye 3R repeaters uye optical amplifiers; Mufananidzo 2 (d) Imodhi ye all-optical relay; mu system ye all-optical communication, haina timing and regeneration circuits, saka inoonekera zvishoma, uye hapana "electronic bottle whisker" inorambidzwa. Chero bedzi kutumira nekugamuchira michina kumativi ese kuchinjwa, Zviri nyore kusimudzira kubva pa low rate kuenda pa high rate, uye optical amplifier haidi kutsiviwa.
2) Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifier muOptical Fiber Distribution Network
Mabhenefiti emagetsi e optical amplifiers (kunyanya EDFA) ane simba guru rekubudisa simba anobatsira zvikuru mu network dzekuparadzira broadband (dzakadai seCATVNetworks). Network yeCATV yechinyakare inoshandisa tambo ye coaxial, iyo inoda kuwedzerwa simba remamita zana ega ega, uye nzvimbo yebasa yenetwork inenge makiromita manomwe. Network yeCATV ye optical fiber inoshandisa optical amplifiers haingogone kuwedzera huwandu hwevashandisi vakapararira chete, asiwo kuwedzera nzira yenetwork zvakanyanya. Zvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura zvakaratidza kuti kugoverwa kwe optical fiber/hybrid (HFC) kunotora simba rezvose zviri zviviri uye kune makwikwi akasimba.
Mufananidzo 4 muenzaniso we network yekugovera optical fiber yeAM-VSB modulation yemachaneli makumi matatu nemashanu eTV. Chitubu che transmitter iDFB-LD ine wavelength ye1550nm uye simba rekuburitsa re3.3dBm. Uchishandisa 4-level EDFA se power distribution amplifier, simba rayo rekupinda rinosvika -6dBm, uye simba rayo rekuburitsa rinosvika 13dBm. Optical receiver sensitivity -9.2d Bm. Mushure me4 levels yekugovera, huwandu hwevashandisi hwasvika mamiriyoni mana nehafu, uye nzira ye network inopfuura makiromita makumi. Weighted signal-to-noise ratio yebvunzo yaive yakakura kupfuura 45dB, uye EDFA haina kukonzera kudzikiswa kweCSO.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2023