1. Kurongwa kweFiberAmpplifiers
Kune matatu makuru marudzi e optical amplifiers:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Optical fiber amplifiers doped nezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, nezvimwewo), kunyanya erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), pamwe nethulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) uye praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), nezvimwewo.
(3) Nonlinear fiber amplifiers, kunyanya fiber Raman amplifiers (FRA, Fiber Raman Amplifier). Kuenzanisa kukuru kwekuita kweaya optical amplifiers kunoratidzwa mutafura
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Iyo yakawanda-level laser system inogona kuumbwa nekuita doping iyo quartz fiber ine isingawanzo pasi zvinhu (senge Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, nezvimwewo), uye iyo yekupinza chiratidzo mwenje inokwidziridzwa zvakananga pasi pechiito chepombi mwenje. Mushure mekupa mhinduro yakakodzera, fiber laser inoumbwa. Iyo yekushanda yavelength yeNd-doped fiber amplifier ndeye 1060nm uye 1330nm, uye kusimudzira kwayo uye kushanda kwayo kunogumira nekuda kwekutsauka kubva kune yakanakisa sink port yefiber optic kutaurirana nezvimwe zvikonzero. Kushanda kwemawavelengths eEDFA nePDFA zvakateerana muhwindo rekurasikirwa kwakaderera (1550nm) uye zero dispersion wavelength (1300nm) ye optical fiber communication, uye TDFA inoshanda muS-band, iyo yakanyatsokodzera optical fiber communication system application. . Kunyanya EDFA, iyo inokurumidza kukura, yave inoshanda.
ThePnheyo yeEDFA
Mamiriro ekutanga eEDFA anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1(a), iyo inonyanya kuumbwa nemhepo inoshanda (erbium-doped silica fiber inosvika makumi emamita kureba, nehupamhi hwepakati hwe3-5 microns uye doping concentration ye (25). -1000)x10-6), pombi chiedza sosi (990 kana 1480nm LD), optical coupler uye optical isolator. Chiedza chechiratidzo uye mwenje wepombi zvinogona kupararira munzira imwechete (codirectional kupomba), kwakatarisana (reverse kupomba) kana mativi ese (bidirectional kupomba) muerbium fiber. Kana chiedza chechiratidzo uye chiedza chepombi chikaiswa mu erbium fiber panguva imwe chete, iyo erbium ions inofara kusvika kune yakakwirira simba pasi pechiito chepombi chiedza (Mufananidzo 1 (b), chirongwa chetatu-level), uye nokukurumidza kuora kune metastable simba level , painodzokera kumamiriro epasi pasi pechiito chechiedza chechiitiko chechiitiko, inobudisa mafotoni anoenderana nechiedza chechiratidzo, kuitira kuti chiratidzo chiwedzere. Figure 1 (c) ndiyo yakawedzera kungoerekana yabuda (ASE) spectrum ine hombe bandwidth (kusvika 20-40nm) uye mbiri yepamusoro inoenderana ne1530nm uye 1550nm zvakateerana.
Mabhenefiti makuru eEDFA kuwana kukuru, bandwidth hombe, simba rakawanda rekubuda, kukwirira kwepombi kushanda, kuderera kwekuisa kurasikirwa, uye kusanzwa kune polarization mamiriro.
2. Matambudziko neFiber Optical Amplifiers
Kunyangwe iyo optical amplifier (kunyanya EDFA) ine akawanda akasarudzika mabhenefiti, haisi yakanaka amplifier. Pamusoro peruzha rwekuwedzera runodzikisira SNR yechiratidzo, pane zvimwe zvinokanganisa, senge:
-Kusaenzana kweiyo yekuwana spectrum mukati meiyo amplifier bandwidth inokanganisa akawanda-chiteshi amplification kuita;
- Kana optical amplifiers akadonha, mhedzisiro yeASE ruzha, fiber dispersion uye nonlinear mhedzisiro ichaunganidza.
Idzi nyaya dzinofanirwa kutariswa mukushandisa uye system dhizaini.
3. Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifier muOptical Fiber Communication System
Mune optical fiber communication system, iyoFiber Optical Amplifierinogona kushandiswa kwete chete sesimba rinowedzera amplifier yeiyo transmitter kuti iwedzere simba rekutapurirana, asiwo seyekutanga yeanogamuchira kuti avandudze kunzwa kwekugamuchira, uye zvakare inogona kutsiva yechinyakare optical-electrical-optical repeater, kuwedzera kutapurirana. chinhambwe uye ziva zvese-optical kutaurirana.
Mune optical fiber kutaurirana masisitimu, zvinhu zvikuru zvinodzikamisa kureba kwekutapurirana kurasikirwa uye kupararira kweiyo optical fiber. Uchishandisa chitubu chechiedza chakatetepa, kana kushanda pedyo nezero-dispersion wavelength, pesvedzero yefiber dispersion idiki. Iyi sisitimu haidi kuita yakazara chiratidzo chekugadzirisa nguva (3R relay) pachiteshi chega chega. Zvakakwana kukwidziridza zvakananga chiratidzo cheoptical ine optical amplifier (1R relay). Optical amplifiers inogona kushandiswa kwete chete muhuremu hunde masisitimu asiwo mune optical fiber kugovera network, kunyanya muWDM masisitimu, kukwidziridza nzira dzakawanda panguva imwe chete.
1) Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifiers muTrunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram yekushandiswa kweoptical amplifier mu trunk optical fiber communication system. (a) mufananidzo unoratidza kuti optical amplifier inoshandiswa sesimba rinowedzera amplifier ye transmitter uye preamplifier yeanogamuchira kuitira kuti iyo isiri-relay chinhambwe chakapetwa kaviri. Semuenzaniso, kutora EDFA, iyo system transmission chinhambwe che1.8Gb/s chinowedzera kubva pa120km kusvika pa250km kana kutosvika 400km. Mufananidzo 2 (b)-(d) iko kushandiswa kweoptical amplifiers mu-multi-relay systems; Mufananidzo (b) ndiyo yechinyakare 3R relay modhi; Mufananidzo (c) ndiyo yakasanganiswa relay modhi ye3R inodzokorora uye optical amplifiers; Mufananidzo 2 (d) Iyo yose-optical relay mode; mune-yose-optical communication system, haisanganisi nguva uye yekuvandudza maseketi, saka inopenya-pachena, uye hapana "electronic bhodhoro whisker" kurambidzwa. Chero bedzi iyo yekutumira uye yekugamuchira michina pamigumo miviri yakatsiviwa, Zviri nyore kukwidziridza kubva pachiyero chakaderera kusvika pachiyero chakakwirira, uye optical amplifier haidi kuchinjwa.
2) Kushandiswa kweOptical Amplifier muOptical Fiber Distribution Network
Iyo yakakwira simba rekuburitsa mabhenefiti eOptical amplifiers (kunyanya EDFA) anobatsira zvakanyanya muBroadband kugovera network (sengeCATVNetworks). Iyo yechinyakare CATV network inotora coaxial tambo, inoda kukwidziridzwa mazana akati wandei emamita, uye sevhisi radius yetiweki inenge 7km. Iyo optical fiber CATV network inoshandisa optical amplifiers haigone chete kuwedzera zvakanyanya nhamba yevashandisi vakagoverwa, asi zvakare kuwedzera zvakanyanya nzira yetiweki. Zvichangobva kuitika zvakaratidza kuti kugoverwa kweoptical fiber/hybrid (HFC) kunokwevera masimba ezvose uye kune kukwikwidza kwakasimba.
Mufananidzo 4 muenzaniso we optical fiber distribution network ye AM-VSB modulation ye 35 channels yeTV. Iyo mwenje sosi yetransmitter ndeye DFB-LD ine wavelength ye1550nm uye inobuda simba re3.3dBm. Uchishandisa 4-level EDFA semagetsi ekugovera amplifier, simba rayo rekuisa rinenge -6dBm, uye simba rayo rekubuda rinenge 13dBm. Optical receiver senitivity -9.2d Bm. Mushure mezvikamu zvina zvekugovera, nhamba yose yevashandisi yasvika mamiriyoni 4.2, uye nzira yetiweki inodarika makumi emakiromita. Kurema kwechiratidzo-ku-ruzha chiyero chebvunzo chaive chakakura kupfuura 45dB, uye EDFA haina kukonzera kuderedzwa kweCSO.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2023