Zvichibva pamakore ekutsvaga nekugadzira ruzivo mumidziyo yeInternet, takakurukura matekinoroji nemhinduro dzekusimbisa kunaka kwenetwork yemukati meimba. Kutanga, inoongorora mamiriro aripo pari zvino emhando yenetwork yemukati meimba yeBroadband, uye inopfupikisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sefiber optics, magateways, marouters, Wi-Fi, uye mashandiro evashandisi anokonzera matambudziko emhando yenetwork yemukati meimba yeBroadband. Chechipiri, matekinoroji matsva ekuvhara network yemukati anoratidzwa neWi-Fi 6 neFTTR (Fiber To The Room) achaunzwa.
1. Kuongororwa kwematambudziko emhando ye internet yemukati meimba
Mukuita kweFTTH(fiber-to-home), nekuda kwesimba re optical transmission distance, optical splitting uye connection device loss, uye optical fiber bend, simba re optical rinogamuchirwa ne gateway rinogona kunge rakaderera uye bit error rate inogona kunge yakakwira, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwe packet loss rate ye upper-layer service transmission. , rate inodzikira.
Zvisinei, mashandiro ehardware emagateways ekare anowanzo kuve akaderera, uye matambudziko akadai sekushandiswa kwakanyanya kweCPU uye memory uye kupisa kwemidziyo zvinowanzoitika, zvichikonzera kutangazve kusingawanzoitiki uye kubonderana kwemagateways. Magateways ekare haawanzo tsigira kumhanya kwegigabit network, uye mamwe magateways ekare anewo matambudziko akadai semachipisi ekare, izvo zvinotungamira kune musiyano mukuru pakati pekukosha kwekumhanya kwekubatana kwenetwork uye kukosha kwedzidziso, izvo zvinoderedza mukana wekuvandudza ruzivo rwemushandisi online. Parizvino, magateways ekare edzimba akangwara anga achishandiswa kwemakore matatu kana kupfuura pane network live achiri kutora chikamu chakati uye anoda kutsiviwa.
Bhandi re2.4GHz frequency ndiro bhendi reISM (Industrial-Scientific-Medical). Rinoshandiswa sebhendi rema frequency akajairika kuma radio stations akadai se wireless local area network, wireless access system, Bluetooth system, point-to-point kana point-to-multipoint spread spectrum communication system, ine frequency resources shoma uye bandwidth shoma. Parizvino, kuchine chikamu chakati che gateways chinotsigira 2.4GHz Wi-Fi frequency band mune network iripo, uye dambudziko rekukanganiswa kwema frequency pamwe chete/pedyo frequency rave kuonekwa zvakanyanya.
Nekuda kwezvikanganiso zvesoftware uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwehardware yemamwe mageti, kubatana kwePPPoE kunowanzo bviswa uye mageti anowanzo tangwazve, zvichikonzera kukanganisika kweinternet kune vashandisi. Mushure mekunge kubatana kwePPPoE kwangomiswa (semuenzaniso, uplink transmission link yakanganiswa), mugadziri wega wega wegeti ane mwero wekushandiswa usingaenderane weWAN port detection uye kuita zvakare PPPoE dialing. Mamwe mageti evagadziri anoona kamwe chete mumasekonzi makumi maviri, uye anodzvanyazve chete mushure memakumi matatu ekuona kwakundikana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinotora maminetsi gumi kuti geti ritange otomatiki PPPoE replay mushure mekubuda pasina kushanda, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Magedhi epamba evashandisi vakawanda akagadzirwa nemarouter (anozonzi "marouter"). Pakati pemarouter aya, akawanda anotsigira maports e100M WAN chete, kana (uye) anotsigira Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b/g/n chete).
Mamwe ma router evagadziri achiri ne WAN ports imwe chete kana Wi-Fi protocols inotsigira kumhanya kwe network yeGigabit, uye anova ma router e "pseudo-Gigabit". Pamusoro pezvo, router yakabatana negedhi kuburikidza ne network cable, uye network cable inoshandiswa nevashandisi inonyanya kuva category 5 kana super category 5 cable, ine hupenyu hupfupi uye simba rekudzivirira kupindira, uye mazhinji acho anotsigira 100M speed chete. Hapana kana imwe yema routers ne network cables dzataurwa pamusoro apa inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanduka kwema network anotevera e gigabit ne super-gigabit. Mamwe ma routers anotangazve nguva nenguva nekuda kwematambudziko emhando yechigadzirwa, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Wi-Fi ndiyo nzira huru yekuvhara isina waya mukati meimba, asi magedhi mazhinji epamba anoiswa mumabhokisi emagetsi asina simba pamusuwo wemushandisi. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebhokisi remagetsi risina simba, zvinhu zviri mukati, uye rudzi rweimba rwakaoma, chiratidzo cheWi-Fi hachina kukwana kufukidza nzvimbo dzese dzemukati. Kana mudziyo wekupedzisira uri kure nenzvimbo yekupinda yeWi-Fi, zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinowanikwa, uye kurasikirwa nesimba rechiratidzo kwakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekubatana kusina kugadzikana uye data packet.
Kana paine network yemukati yemidziyo yakawanda yeWi-Fi, matambudziko ekupindirana kwema frequency akafanana uye ari pedyo anowanzo itika nekuda kwemagadzirirwo asina musoro echiteshi, zvichideredza huwandu hweWi-Fi.
Kana vamwe vashandisi vakabatanidza router kugateway, nekuda kwekushaya ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, vanogona kubatanidza router kune non-gigabit network port yegateway, kana kuti vangasabatanidza network cable zvakasimba, zvichikonzera kuti network ports dzisashande zvakanaka. Muzviitiko izvi, kunyangwe kana mushandisi akanyoresa kugigabit service kana kushandisa gigabit router, haakwanise kuwana stable gigabit services, izvo zvinounzawo matambudziko kune vanoshanda kugadzirisa zvikanganiso.
Vamwe vashandisi vane midziyo yakawandisa yakabatana neWi-Fi mudzimba dzavo (inopfuura makumi maviri) kana kuti mafaira akawanda anodhawunirodha mapurogiramu nekukurumidza panguva imwe chete, izvo zvinozokonzerawo kusawirirana kwakakomba kwechiteshi cheWi-Fi uye kubatana kweWi-Fi kusina kugadzikana.
Vamwe vashandisi vanoshandisa materminal ekare anotsigira chete single-frequency Wi-Fi 2.4GHz frequency band kana maprotocol ekare eWi-Fi, saka havagone kuwana ruzivo rwakagadzikana uye runokurumidza paInternet.
2. Matekinoroji matsva ekuvandudza network yemukatiQhunhu
Masevhisi ane bandwidth yakawanda, ane latency yakaderera akadai se4K/8K high-definition video, AR/VR, dzidzo yepamhepo, uye hofisi yekumba zviri kuva zvinodiwa nevashandisi vekumba zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinoisa pamberi zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pamhando ye network ye broadband yekumba, kunyanya mhando ye network ye broadband yekumba. Network iripo ye broadband yekumba yakavakirwa patekinoroji yeFTTH (Fiber To The House, fiber to the home) yave yakaoma kuzadzisa zvinodiwa pamusoro apa. Zvisinei, matekinoroji eWi-Fi 6 neFTTR anogona kuzadzisa zviri nani zvinodiwa pamusoro pebasa uye anofanira kushandiswa pamwero mukuru nekukurumidza.
Wi-Fi 6
Muna 2019, Wi-Fi Alliance yakatumidza tekinoroji ye802.11ax Wi-Fi 6, uye yakatumidza tekinoroji yekare ye802.11ax ne802.11n Wi-Fi 5 neWi-Fi 4 zvichiteerana.
Wi-Fi 6Inounza OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology), 1024QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, quadrature amplitude modulation) nedzimwe tekinoroji itsva, mwero wepamusoro wekudhawunirodha unogona kusvika 9.6Gbit/s. Kana tichienzanisa neWi-Fi 4 neWi-Fi 5 dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri, ine mwero wepamusoro wekutumirwa kwemashoko, kugona kukuru kwemari, kunonoka kwesevhisi kwakaderera, kufukidzwa kwakakura uye kushandiswa kwesimba diki kweterminal.
FTTRTtekinoroji
FTTR inoreva kuiswa kwemasuo ese-optical uye midziyo midiki mudzimba zvichibva paFTTH, uye kuwanikwa kwekufukidza kwekutaurirana kwe optical fiber kumakamuri evashandisi kuburikidzaPONtekinoroji.
Gedhi guru reFTTR ndiro musimboti wenetwork yeFTTR. Rakabatana kumusoro neOLT kuti ripe fiber-ku-mba, uye pasi kuti ripe ma optical ports ekubatanidza ma FTTR slave gateways akawanda. Gedhi reFTTR slave gateway rinotaurirana nemidziyo yeterminal kuburikidza neWi-Fi neEthernet interfaces, rinopa bridging function yekutumira data remidziyo yeterminal kugedhi guru, uye rinobvuma manejimendi nekutonga kweFTTR main gateway. Network yeFTTR inoratidzwa mumufananidzo.
Zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzechinyakare dzakadai se network cable networking, power line networking, uye wireless networking, FTTR networks dzine zvakanakira zvinotevera.
Chekutanga, michina yekubatanidza ine mashandiro ari nani uye bandwidth yakakwira. Kubatana kwefiber ye optical pakati pe master gateway ne slave gateway kunogona kuwedzera bandwidth ye gigabit kukamuri rega rega remushandisi, uye kuvandudza mhando ye network yemushandisi muzvinhu zvese. Network yeFTTR ine zvakanakira zvakawanda mu bandwidth yekutumira uye kugadzikana.
Chechipiri ndechekuti Wi-Fi iri nani uye ine mhando yepamusoro. Wi-Fi 6 ndiyo FTTR gateways yakajairika, uye master gateway neslave gateway zvinogona kupa Wi-Fi connections, zvichivandudza kugadzikana kweWi-Fi networking uye simba resignal coverage.
Hunhu hwe intranet yemumba hunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita semarongerwo enetwork yemumba, zvishandiso zvemushandisi, uye ma terminal emushandisi. Saka, kuwana nekuwana hunhu husina kunaka hwenetwork yemumba idambudziko rakaoma pane network chaiyo. Kambani yega yega yekutaurirana kana mupi webasa renetwork anopa mhinduro yake zvichiteerana. Semuenzaniso, mhinduro dzehunyanzvi dzekuongorora hunhu hwe intranet yemumba uye kuwana hunhu husina kunaka; ramba uchiongorora mashandisirwo edata guru uye tekinoroji yehungwaru hwekugadzira mumunda wekuvandudza hunhu hwenetwork dzemukati dzemumba; kukurudzira mashandisirwo eFTTR neWi-Fi 6 tekinoroji. Hunhu hwenetwork hwakakura nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-08-2023