Munguva ino yekukura nekukurumidza kweinternet, tekinoroji ye fiber optic access yapinda muhupenyu hwedu hwese. Kubatana kwe network kwakasimba uye kunokurumidza kwakakosha kungave uchinakidzwa nekuona zvirongwa zveTV, kutamba mitambo kumba, kana kuita mabhizinesi akasiyana-siyana zvinobudirira mubhizinesi. Pakati pematekinoroji akawanda e fiber optic access, EPON neGPON hapana mubvunzo kuti ndiwo akanakisa. Nhasi, ngationgororei musiyano uripo pakati pematekinoroji maviri aya pamwe chete.
Kwakatangira Tekinoroji neStandard Protocol
EPON, Ethernet passive optical network yakagadzirwa zvichibva pa Ethernet tekinoroji. Inotevera standard IEEE 802.3ah. Iyi standard inosimbisa hukama hwechisikigo uye hwepedyo pakati peEPON neEthernet, sezvo ichishandisa zvakananga fomati yeEthernet, sekunge kuisa Ethernet pa "coat" ye fiber optic access. Kune avo vatove vanoziva tekinoroji yeEthernet, kugadzirisa michina yeEPON, manejimendi yenetwork, nemamwe mabasa akafanana nekushanda mumunda wakajairika, zviri nyore kudzidza uye zviri nyore kunzwisisa. Semuenzaniso, mune network yekampasi yakatoisa mitsetse yeEthernet yakawanda, kana kusimudzira kusvika kune fiber optic access kuchidikanwa, tekinoroji yeEPON inogona kuwana nyore nyore kubatana nemidziyo yeEthernet iripo.
GPON, Chiyero cheGigabit Passive Optical Networks iITU-T G.984 series. Inoshandisa nzira yakaoma uye yakasarudzika ye encapsulation - GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method). GEM yakafanana ne "bhokisi rekuchengetera" rakangwara rinogona kuronga nekurongedza mhando dzakasiyana dzemafambiro ebhizinesi zvinobudirira. Izvi zvinoita kuti GPON iite zvakanaka kwazvo mukutakura mabhizinesi, kungave kufona kwezwi, kutumira data rakawanda, kana kutamba mavhidhiyo ane tsananguro yepamusoro, GPON inogona kupindura nekugona kubata zviri nyore. Mune network yakabatanidzwa yekuwana masevhisi inopa vashandisi mukana weInternet, IPTV neVoIP masevhisi panguva imwe chete, GPON inogona kutarisira nekutumira marudzi aya akasiyana emafambiro ebasa nenzira yakarongeka nekuda kwekugona kwayo kugadzirisa masevhisi zvine simba, kuve nechokwadi chekuti sevhisi yega yega inogona kushanda zvakadzikama uye zvinobudirira.
Kumhanya uye kushanda zvakanaka kwebandwidth
Mwero wekuwedzera nekudzikira kweEPON unowanzo fanana, uine mwero wakajairika we1.25Gbps. Zvisinei, mukuita kwekutumira network chaiyo, nekuda kwehuwandu hwepamusoro hwemafuremu eEthernet, senge ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwekudzora rwunotakurwa pakutanga nekuguma kwefuremu, kunyangwe ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakutumira nekugadzirisa data nemazvo, runogarawo mune zvimwe zviwanikwa zvebandwidth, zvichikonzera kuti bandwidth chaiyo inoshandiswa kutumira data remushandisi ive yakaderera zvishoma pane 1.25Gbps.
GPON inonyanya kushamisa kana tichitarisa kumhanya, ine downlink speed inosvika 2.488Gbps uye uplink speed ye1.244Gbps kana 2.488Gbps. GPON inoshandisa frame length ye125 μs uye ine bandwidth allocation algorithm inoshanda. Zvakafanana nemugwagwa mukuru, GPON haingowedzere nzira chete, asiwo inogadzirisa mitemo yekutumirwa kwetraffic, ichibvumira mota (data) kufamba zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira. Nenzira iyi, GPON iri nani kupfuura EPON mukushanda zvakanaka kwebandwidth uye inogona kutumira data rakawanda munguva imwe chete.
Chiyero cheSpectral
Chiyero chekupatsanurana chiratidzo chakakosha chekuyera kugona kwekufukidza kwetekinoroji ye fiber optic access uye huwandu hwevashandisi vanotakurwa. Chinoreva huwandu hwemayuniti e optical network (ONUs) ayo terminal ye optical line (OLT) inogona kubatanidza.
Chiyero chekupatsanurana kweEPON chinowanzova 1:32, uye nekuvandudzwa kwakakosha, chinogona kusvika 1:64. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mune network yeEPON, mudziyo mumwe chete weOLT unogona kubatanidza kusvika 32, uye muzviitiko zvakanyanya, materminal evashandisi veONU makumi matanhatu nemana. Semuenzaniso, mukuvaka fiber optic access munzvimbo yekugara, kana tekinoroji yeEPON ikashandiswa uye chiyero chekupatsanurana chiri 1:32, ipapo mudziyo mumwe chete weOLT unogona kungopa masevhisi ekuwana network kumhuri dzinosvika 32 chete.
GPON ine mukana wakakura panyaya yekupatsanurana, ine chiyero chekupatsanurana chinosvika 1:64, uye kunyangwe mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenetwork dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka uye dzakagadziriswa, inogona kuwana chiyero chekupatsanurana che1:128. Chiyero chikuru chekupatsanurana chinoita kuti GPON ishande zviri nani maererano nehuwandu hwekufukidza uye huwandu hwevashandisi vakabatana. Tichitora nzvimbo dzekumaruwa semuenzaniso, nekuda kwenzvimbo dzadzo dzakakura uye kupararira kwevashandisi, kana tekinoroji yeGPON ikashandiswa, ichishandisa hunhu hwayo hwehuwandu hwemaoptical, mudziyo mumwe chete weOLT unogona kupa masevhisi kune vashandisi vakawanda, zvichideredza zvakanyanya mari yekudyara michina uye zvichideredzawo kuoma kwekuvaka nekugadzirisa network.
Mutengo wemidziyo uye kuenderana kwayo
Midziyo yeEPON ine zvayakanakira pamutengo wayo nekuda kwekuvimba kwayo netekinoroji yeEthernet yakakura. Mutengo wayo wemidziyo wakaderera, izvo zvinokwezva zvikuru kumapurojekiti ekuvaka network ane bhajeti shoma uye anonzwisisa mitengo. Semuenzaniso, mukuvaka network kwemamwe mabhizinesi madiki kana mapurojekiti ekugadzirisa network enzvimbo dzekare dzekugara, nekuda kwemari shoma, mukana wemidziyo yeEPON unodhura zvishoma unogona kuratidzwa zvizere. Uyezve, nekuda kwekubatana kwakanaka pakati peEPON neEthernet, michina yeEPON inogona kubatanidzwa zviri nyore nemidziyo yenetwork iripo munzvimbo iyo Ethernet inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, pasina chikonzero chekutsiviwa kwemidziyo mikuru, zvichideredza mari yekuvandudza network.
Midziyo yeGPON, nekuda kwetekinoroji yayo yakaoma kunzwisisa, ine mari yakawanda yekutsvaga nekugadzira zvinhu zvikuru zvakaita semachipisi, zvichikonzera mitengo yakakwira yemidziyo. Zvisinei, michina yeGPON, ine mashandiro ayo akasimba uye kugona kwayo kutsigira mabhizinesi, yakaratidza kukosha kwakasiyana mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinoda mashandiro enetwork akakwira uye kusiyana kwebhizinesi. Semuenzaniso, muzvivakwa zvikuru zvemabhizinesi, zvinodikanwa kusangana panguva imwe chete nezvinodiwa zvekuwana network nekukurumidza kwevatengesi vakawanda, kupa masevhisi enetwork isina waya akasimba kune vatengi, uye kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana ebhizinesi akadai sekutarisira zvivakwa zvine hungwaru. Midziyo yeGPON inogona kupa rutsigiro rwakavimbika kune izvi zvinodiwa zvebhizinesi zvakaoma nekushanda kwayo kwakanaka uye kuchinjika.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2025