Munguva ino yekukurumidza kusimudzira internet, fiber optic yekuwana tekinoroji yakapinda mune yega yega yehupenyu hwedu. Iyo yakagadzikana uye yakakwirira-kumhanya yetiweki yekubatanidza yakakosha kunyangwe uri kunakidzwa nekuona TV inoratidza, kutamba mitambo kumba, kana kuita nemazvo mabhizinesi akasiyana siyana mubhizinesi. Pakati peakawanda matekinoroji ekuwana fiber optic kuwana, EPON neGPON hapana mubvunzo kuti akanakisa. Nhasi, ngationgororei mutsauko uripo pakati peaya matekinoroji maviri pamwechete.
Kwakabva Technology uye Standard Protocol
EPON, Ethernet passive optical network inogadzirwa zvichienderana neEthernet tekinoroji. Inotevera chiyero IEEE 802.3ah. Iyi chiyero inomisa hukama hwepedyo uye hwepedyo pakati peEPON neEthernet, sezvo ichitora zvakananga fomati yeEthernet, sekuisa Ethernet pa "bhachi" refiber optic kuwana. Kune avo vanotoziva nezve Ethernet tekinoroji, EPON gadziriso yemidziyo, manejimendi manejimendi, uye mamwe mabasa akafanana nekushanda mundima yakajairika, iri nyore kudzidza uye nyore kunzwisisa. Semuyenzaniso, mukambasi network iyo yakatowanda yakaisa mitsetse yeEthernet, kana kukwidziridzwa kune faibha optic kuwana kuchidikanwa, tekinoroji yeEPON inokwanisa kuwana nyore kusanganisa isina musono nemichina yeEthernet iripo.
GPON, Muyero weGigabit Passive Optical Networks ndiyo ITU-T G.984 series. Inotora imwe yakaoma uye yakaoma encapsulation protocol - GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method). GEM yakafanana ne "bhokisi rekuchengetera" rakangwara rinogona kuronga nekurongedza marudzi akasiyana ebhizinesi anoyerera. Izvi zvinoita kuti GPON iite zvakanaka mukutakura bhizinesi, kungave kufona kwezwi, kutapurirana data kukuru, kana kutamba kwevhidhiyo kwepamusoro-tsanangudzo, GPON inogona kupindura nekuzvibata zviri nyore. Mune network yakabatanidzwa yekuwana sevhisi network inopa vashandisi kuwana Internet, IPTV uye VoIP masevhisi panguva imwe chete, GPON inogona kubata uye kutumira aya marudzi akasiyana ebasa anoyerera nenzira yakarongeka nekuda kwesimba rayo rekugadzirisa sevhisi kugona, kuve nechokwadi chekuti sevhisi yega yega inogona kushanda yakadzikama uye nemazvo.
Kukurumidza uye bandwidth kushanda zvakanaka
Iwo uplink uye downlink mazinga eEPON anowanzo symmetrical, ane chiyero che 1.25Gbps. Nekudaro, mune chaiyoiyo network yekufambisa maitiro, nekuda kweiyo inherent pamusoro peEthernet mafuremu, senge akasiyana ekudzora ruzivo rwakatakurwa pakutanga uye pakupera kwefuremu, kunyangwe ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakufambiswa nekugadzirisa data, ivo vanotorawo zvimwe zviwanikwa zvebandwidth, zvichikonzera iyo chaiyo inoshanda bandwidth inoshandiswa kuendesa data yemushandisi kuve yakaderera zvishoma pane yezita 1.25Gbps.
GPON yakatotanhamara panyaya yekumhanya, ine downlink speed inosvika 2.488Gbps uye uplink speed inosvika 1.244Gbps kana 2.488Gbps. GPON inotora furemu kureba kwe125 μ s uye yakashongedzerwa neanoshanda bandwidth allocation algorithm. Zvakafanana nemugwagwa mukuru, GPON haingokwidzi nzira chete, asi zvakare inokwenenzvera mitemo yekutumira traffic, ichibvumira mota (data) kufamba zvakanyanya uye nemazvo. Nenzira iyi, GPON iri nani zvakanyanya pane EPON mukubudirira kwebandwidth uye inogona kutumira data rakawanda munguva imwe chete yenguva.
Spectral ratio
Chiyero chekutsemura chiratidzo chakakosha chekuyera huwandu hwekuvhara kwefiber optic yekuwana tekinoroji uye huwandu hwevashandisi vanotakurwa. Inoreva chikamu che optical network units (ONUs) iyo optical line terminal (OLT) inogona kubatana nayo.
Kupatsanura reshiyo yeEPON inowanzoita 1:32, uye nekugadzirisa kwakakosha, inogona kusvika pa1:64. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munetiweki yeEPON, mudziyo mumwe weOLT unokwanisa kubatanidza kusvika pamakumi matatu nemaviri, uye kana zvanyanya, 64 ONU mushandisi materminal. Semuenzaniso, mukuvaka kwefiber optic kuwana munzvimbo yekugara, kana EPON tekinoroji ikashandiswa uye kupatsanura reshiyo iri 1:32, ipapo imwe OLT mudziyo unogona kungopa network yekuwana masevhisi kusvika kunosvika makumi matatu nemaviri edzimba.
GPON ine mukana mukuru maererano nekuparadzanisa reshiyo, ine kupatsanura reshiyo inosvika 1:64, uye kunyangwe mune dzimwe dzakanyatsogadzirwa uye dzakagadziridzwa network nharaunda, inogona kuwana kupatsanura reshiyo ye1:128. Iyo yakakura kupatsanura reshiyo inoita kuti GPON iite zvirinani maererano nehuwandu hwekuvhara uye huwandu hwevashandisi vakabatana. Tichitora nzvimbo dzekumaruwa semuenzaniso, nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo yakakura uye yakapararira mushandisi kugovera, kana GPON tekinoroji yakagamuchirwa, ichishandisa yayo yakakwirira yemaziso reshiyo maitiro, imwe OLT mudziyo inogona kupa masevhisi kune vakawanda vashandisi, ichideredza zvakanyanya midziyo mari yekudyara uye zvakare kuderedza kuomarara kwekuvaka nekugadzirisa network.
Equipment mutengo uye kuenderana
Midziyo yeEPON ine zvimwe zvakanakira mutengo nekuda kwekuvimba kwayo nehunyanzvi hweEthernet tekinoroji. Mutengo wayo wemidziyo wakadzikira, izvo zvinoyevedza kune network yekuvaka mapurojekiti ane mashoma mabhajeti uye kunzwa kune mutengo. Semuenzaniso, mukuvakwa kwemambure emamwe mabhizinesi madiki kana network yekuvandudza mapurojekiti enzvimbo dzekare dzekugara, nekuda kwemari shoma, iyo yakaderera-inodhura mukana weEPON michina inogona kuratidzwa zvizere. Uyezve, nekuda kwekuenderana kwakanakisa pakati peEPON neEthernet, EPON zvishandiso zvinogona nyore kusanganisa nezviripo network zvishandiso munzvimbo iyo Ethernet inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, pasina kudikanwa kwekutsiviwa kwemidziyo mikuru, ichiwedzera kuderedza mutengo wekuvandudza network.
Zvishandiso zveGPON, nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo hwakaoma kunzwisisa, vane mari yekutsvagisa uye yekugadzira yakawanda yezvinhu zvakakosha semachipisi, zvichikonzera kudhura kwemidziyo yese. Nekudaro, zvishandiso zveGPON, nekuita kwavo kwakasimba uye hupfumi hwekutsigira bhizinesi hunyanzvi, zvakaratidza kukosha kwakasiyana mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinoda yakanyanya kukwirira network kuita uye kusiyana kwebhizinesi. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzakakura dzekutengesa, zvinodikanwa kuti panguva imwe chete isangane nepamusoro-kumhanyisa network yekuwana zvinodiwa zvevazhinji vatengesi, kupa yakagadzikana isina waya network masevhisi kune vatengi, uye kuzadzisa akasiyana bhizinesi mabasa seakangwara manejimendi ekuvaka. GPON zvishandiso zvinogona kupa rutsigiro rwakavimbika kune izvi zvakaoma bhizinesi zvinodiwa nekuita kwavo kwakanaka uye kuchinjika.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2025