1. Muchidimbu
Wireless AP (Wireless Access Point), kureva kuti, wireless access point, inoshandiswa sechinhu chisina mhepo chinoshandura network network uye ndiyo musimboti wetiweki isina waya. Wireless AP ndiyo nzvimbo yekupinda yezvishandiso zvisina waya (senge makomputa anotakurika, nhare mbozha, nezvimwewo) kuti upinde kune wired network. Inonyanya kushandiswa mudzimba dzebroadband, zvivakwa nemapaki, uye inogona kuvhara makumi emamita kusvika kumazana emamita.
Wireless AP izita rine zvakawanda zvazvinoreva. Iyo haingosanganisire nyore isina waya yekuwana mapoinzi (Wireless APs), asiwo izwi rakajairwa reasina waya ma routers (kusanganisira isina waya magedhi, mabhiriji asina waya) uye zvimwe zvishandiso.
Wireless AP ndeye yakajairwa application yeasina waya yenzvimbo nharaunda network. Wireless AP ibhiriji rinobatanidza isina waya network uye wired network, uye ndiyo yakakosha midziyo yekumisikidza isina waya yenzvimbo yenzvimbo network (WLAN). Inopa basa rekubatana pakati pemidziyo isina waya uye wired LANs. Nerubatsiro rweasina waya APs, michina isina waya mukati mechiratidzo chekuvharwa kwewireless APs inogona kutaurirana. Pasina wireless APs, hazvibviri kuvaka WLAN chaiyo inogona kuwana Internet. . Iyo isina waya AP muWLAN yakaenzana nebasa rekutumira base chiteshi munharembozha yekutaurirana network.
Kuenzaniswa neiyo wired network architecture, iyo isina waya AP mune isina waya network yakaenzana nehubhu mune wired network. Inogona kubatanidza michina yakasiyana-siyana isina waya. Kadhi retiweki rinoshandiswa newaya isina waya kadhi retiweki isina waya, uye svikiro rekutumira imhepo (electromagnetic wave). Wireless AP ndiyo yepakati peiyo isina waya yeyuniti, uye ese masaini masaini muyuniti anofanira kupfuura nemairi kuti achinje.
2. Mabasa
2.1 Batanidza isina waya uye waya
Basa rakajairika reiyo AP isina waya nderekubatanidza isina waya network uye wired network, uye kupa basa rekubatana pakati peiyo isina waya netiweki network. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 2.1-1.
Wireless AP inobatanidza wired network uye isina waya zvishandiso
2.2 WDS
WDS (Wireless Distribution System), kureva, isina waya hotspot yekugovera sisitimu, ibasa rakakosha mune isina waya AP uye isina waya router. Iri ibasa rinoshanda kwazvo kuona kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo miviri isina waya. Semuenzaniso, kune vavakidzani vatatu, uye imba imwe neimwe ine router isina waya kana isina waya AP inotsigira WDS, kuitira kuti iyo isina waya chiratidzo inogona kuvharwa nedzimba nhatu panguva imwe chete, zvichiita kuti kutaurirana kuve nyore. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti zvigadziriso zveWDS zvinotsigirwa newireless router zvinogumira (Kazhinji 4-8 zvishandiso zvinogona kutsigirwa), uye zvishandiso zveWDS zvemhando dzakasiyana zvinogonawo kutadza kubatana.
2.3 Mabasa eWireya AP
2.3.1 Relay
Basa rakakosha rewireless AP ndeye relay. Iyo inonzi relay ndeyekukudza iyo isina waya chiratidzo kamwe pakati pemapoinzi maviri asina waya, kuitira kuti kure kure isina waya mudziyo ugamuchire yakasimba isina waya chiratidzo. Semuenzaniso, AP inoiswa panzvimbo a, uye kune mudziyo usina waya panzvimbo c. Pane chinhambwe chinoita 120 metres pakati pepoint a nepoint c. Iyo isina waya yekutapurirana chiratidzo kubva panzvimbo a kuenda kunongedzo c yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya, saka inogona kuita 60 metres kure. Isa isina waya AP serelay papoint b, kuitira kuti iyo isina waya sigi papoint c inogona kukwidziridzwa zvinobudirira, nekudaro kuve nechokwadi chekumhanyisa kwekufambisa uye kugadzikana kweiyo isina waya chiratidzo.
2.3.2 Kubatanidza
Basa rakakosha reWireya AP kubatanidza. Bridging ndeyekubatanidza maviri asina waya AP endpoints kuti aone kutapurirana kwedata pakati peasina waya APs. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana iwe uchida kubatanidza maLAN maviri ane waya, unogona kusarudza kubhuroka kuburikidza neasina waya AP. Semuenzaniso, pane imwe tambo yeLAN ine waya inoumbwa nemakomputa gumi nemashanu, uye padanho b pane LAN ine waya inoumbwa nemakomputa makumi maviri neshanu, asi chinhambwe chiri pakati peab neab chiri kure kwazvo, chinodarika 100 metres, saka hazvisi. yakakodzera kubatanidza netambo. Panguva ino, iwe unogona kuseta isina waya AP panzvimbo a uye inonongedza b zvichiteerana, uye wobatidza bhiriji basa reWireya AP, kuitira kuti maLAN pamapoinzi ab uye ab akwanise kutumira data kune mumwe nemumwe.
2.3.3 Tenzi-muranda maitiro
Rimwe basa rewireless AP "master-slave mode". Iyo isina waya AP inoshanda mune iyi modhi ichaonekwa seyewaya mutengi (senge isina waya network kadhi kana isina waya module) natenzi isina waya AP kana isina waya router. Zvakanakira manejimendi manejimendi kubata iyo sub-network uye kuona poindi-kune-multipoint yekubatanidza (iyo isina waya router kana iyo huru isina waya AP ndiyo imwe poindi, uye mutengi weasina waya AP ane akawanda-poinzi). Iyo "master-slave mode" basa rinowanzo shandiswa mune zvekubatanidza mamiriro eWireya LAN uye wired LAN. Semuenzaniso, point a iwired LAN inoumbwa nemakomputa makumi maviri, uye point b iLAN isina waya inoumbwa nemakomputa gumi nemashanu. Point b yatova Pane Wireless router. Kana point a ichida kuwana nzvimbo b, unogona kuwedzera isina waya AP panzvimbo a, batanidza iyo isina waya AP kune switch pane point a, wobva wabatidza "master-slave mode" yewireless AP uye isina waya yekubatanidza pa. pfungwa b. Iyo router yakabatana, uye panguva ino makombiyuta ose ari panzvimbo a anogona kubatanidza kumakombiyuta panzvimbo b.
3. Musiyano pakati Wireless AP uye Wireless Router
3.1 Wireless AP
Wireless AP, kureva, isina waya yekuwana nzvimbo, ingori isina waya switch mune isina waya network. Iyo inzvimbo yekuwana yevashandisi venharembozha kuti vapinde newaya network. Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune imba Broadband uye bhizinesi remukati network deployment. Iyo isina waya yekuvhara kureba ndeye Makumi emamita kusvika kumazana emamita, iyo huru tekinoroji ndeye 802.11X yakatevedzana. General Wireless APs zvakare ine mukana wekuwana mutengi modhi, zvinoreva kuti mawireless links anogona kuitwa pakati peAPs, nekudaro kuwedzera kuvharika kweiyo waya isina waya.
Sezvo iyo yakapfava isina waya AP isina basa rekufambisa, yakaenzana newaya isina waya uye inopa chete basa rekutumira masaini masaini. Nheyo yayo yekushanda ndeyekugamuchira chiratidzo chetiweki chinofambiswa nevaviri vakamonyoroka, uye mushure mekunyora neasina waya AP, shandura chiratidzo chemagetsi kuita chiratidzo cheredhiyo uye woitumira kunze kuti igadzire kuvharika kweiyo isina waya network.
3.2Wireless router
Iyo yakawedzerwa isina waya AP ndiyo yatinowanzo kudana isina waya router. A wireless router, sezvinoreva zita rayo, i router ine wireless coverage function, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune vashandisi kuvhura Indaneti uye kuvhara kusina wireless. Kuenzaniswa neiyo yakapfava isina waya AP, iyo isina waya router inogona kuona iyo Internet yekubatanidza kugovera mune isina waya network network kuburikidza nebasa rekufambisa, uye inogona zvakare kuona isina waya yakagovaniswa kuwana kweADSL uye nharaunda Broadband.
Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti isina waya uye wired terminals inogona kugoverwa kune subnet kuburikidza newireless router, kuitira kuti midziyo yakasiyana-siyana mu subnet inogona kuchinjanisa data zviri nyore.
3.3 Pfupiso
Muchidimbu muchidimbu, iyo yakapfava isina waya AP yakaenzana newaya isina waya; iyo isina waya router (yakawedzerwa isina waya AP) yakaenzana ne "wireless AP + router basa". Mukutaura kwemamiriro ekushandiswa, kana imba yacho yatove yakabatana neInternet uye ichingoda kupa ruzivo rwe wireless, zvino kusarudza AP isina wireless yakakwana; asi kana imba isati yabatana neInternet, tinoda kubatanidza kuInternet Wireless access function, saka unoda kusarudza router isina waya panguva ino.
Mukuwedzera, kubva pakuonekwa kwemaonero, maviri acho akafanana pakureba, uye hazvisi nyore kuasiyanisa. Nekudaro, kana iwe ukanyatsotarisisa, iwe uchiri kuona mutsauko uripo pakati pezviviri: ndiko kuti, yavo yekupindirana yakasiyana. (Simple type) wireless AP kazhinji ine wired RJ45 network port, magetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi, chiteshi chekugadzirisa (USB port kana kugadzirisa kuburikidza neWEB interface), uye zvishoma zviratidzo zvinoratidzira; nepo router isina waya ine mamwe mana ane wired network ports, kunze kweOne WAN port inoshandiswa kubatanidza kune yepamusoro-level network michina, uye mana maLAN ports anogona kuvharwa kuti abatanidze kumakomputa muintranet, uye kune mamwe marambi echiratidzo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-19-2023